Glossary Terms

Panoramic video surrounds the viewer in a spherical or cylindrical visual environment. The 3D variants add stereoscopic depth for greater realism. Source: Unity Glossary Read more

Personal data is any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person. Source: XRSI Standard XR Definitions (XR-001) Read more

Personally identifiable information (PII) is any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual’s identity. Source: XRSI Standard XR Definitions (XR-001) Read more

In metaverse terms, a place is defined by its physical setting, the activities it makes possible, and the meanings people attribute to it. Source: ACM Metaverse Glossary Read more

Positional tracking monitors where a headset, controller, or other object is located and how it moves through three-dimensional space, allowing a user to physically move around and interact within a virtual environment. Sources: Unity Glossary; XRSI Standard XR Definitions (XR-001) Read more

Presence is the psychological sense of genuinely being inside a virtual environment rather than merely observing it: the subjective experience of being in one place while physically situated in another. It is widely treated as the mark of a successful immersive experience, because a user who feels present responds to virtual stimuli much as they… Read more

Ray tracing is a rendering technique that simulates the physical behaviour of light, following individual rays as they interact with surfaces to produce realistic reflections, shadows, and ambient lighting. Source: Unity Glossary Read more

Real-time 3D renders complex three-dimensional environments instantly as changes occur, so modifications are visible immediately and experiences can be interactive. It is the underlying technology behind uses ranging from procedural simulation to digital twins. Source: Unity Glossary Read more

A reference standard is the best available method for establishing the true state of whatever is being examined, and serves as the benchmark against which an AI system’s output is compared. In AI it is often represented as labeled data. Sources: FDA Digital Health and AI Glossary; IMDRF N67 (2022) Read more

Reinforcement learning is an approach in which a model, or agent, learns by taking actions in an environment and receiving rewards or penalties in response. Behaviour is shaped by accumulated consequences rather than by labeled examples. Sources: FDA Digital Health and AI Glossary; Unity Glossary Read more